一、國際貿易業務操作的基本步驟
英文原文:any international transaction should start with market research. an importer/exporter must acquire good knowledge of the foreign market to which his products are to be sold so that he can trade with the customers successfully.
注釋:transaction: 交易,經濟業務 start with: 以…開始 market research: 市場調研 acquire good knowledge of…: 熟悉…(的知識)(acquire: 獲得,得到)foreign: 國外的,對外的 successfully: 成功地
中文意思:任何一筆國際交易最初都要進行市場調研。進口商/出口商必須熟悉其產品銷往的國外市場,這樣才能夠成功地與客戶進行交易。
1、國際貿易的具體步驟:
1)seeking customers 尋找客戶 (注釋:seek: 尋找,尋求)
2)contact each other by sending inquiries 聯系查詢(注釋contact: 接觸,聯系;inquiry: 詢問,詢盤)
3)status inquiry 情況查詢 (注釋:status: 情形,狀態)
4)quotations or offers; acceptance or non-acceptance 報價或發盤;接受或不接受報價或發盤(注釋:quotation: 報價 offer: 發盤 acceptance: 接受)
5)order; contract 發送訂單;簽訂合同 (注釋:order: 訂單;contract: 合同)
6)obtaining import/export license; opening l/c / receiving l/c, if any 獲得進口/出口許可證;開立信用證/接收信用證 (注釋:obtain: 獲得,取得 l/c:信用證)
7)preparation of goods by the seller 賣方備貨 (注釋:preparation: 準備,預備)
8)inspection or survey of goods 檢查或檢驗貨物(注釋:inspection: 檢查,檢驗;survey: 調查,測量)
9)reserving shipping space either by the seller or buyer, depending on the trade terms. 依據貿易條款,由賣方或買方訂艙。(注釋:reserve shipping space: 訂艙(位);trade terms: 貿易條款)
10)effecting insurance 辦理保險 (注釋:effect: 作用,效果,在此為“辦理”之意;insurance: 保險)
11)customs clearance and loading 報關裝貨(注釋:customs clearance: 報關,清關;loading: 裝貨)
12)shipping advice 裝船(發貨)通知
13)negotiation of export documents under l/c by the beneficiary 通過受益人議付信用證項下的出口單證。(注釋:documents: 單據,單證;beneficiary: 受益人)
14)redemption of documents under l/c 贖回信用證項下單證(贖單)(注釋:redemption: 贖回,償還,履行)
15)customs clearance for import 進口報關
16)delivery of goods 交貨 (注釋:delivery: 交付,交遞)
17)lodging and settling claims (if any) 提出索賠/理賠 (注釋:lodge: 提出 settle: 支付, 安排, 解決 claim: 要求,主張,索賠,索?。?二、常用短語、名詞
international trade: 國際貿易 gdp (gross domestic product) 國民生產總值,國內生產總值
industrialization 工業化 globalization 全球化multinational corporation: 跨國公司
factors of production 生產要素 labor-intensive goods 勞動密集型產品
international finance 國際金融 exchange rate: 外匯匯率 transfer risk: 轉讓風險
exchange controls: 外匯管制 wto (world trade organization): 世界貿易組織
uruguay round: 烏拉圭回合 multilateral trade: 多邊貿易 the international
monetary fund 國際貨幣基金組織 the world bank 世界銀行 outsourcing 外包
trade barrier 貿易壁壘 import duties: 進口稅 import/export license:進口/出口許可證
import quota: 進口配額 tariff: 關稅 non-tariff barrier: 非關稅壁壘
market research 市場調研 offer: 發盤 shipping space: 艙位 customs clearance: 報關,清關
loading: 裝貨shipping advice: 裝運通知redemption of documents: 贖單delivery of goods 交貨
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